The Evolutionary Road of Superchain: From Cosmos to OP Stack

Author: @Hercules_Defi; Compilation: Web3 Maps

To explore the unknown and look forward to the future, this article provides an excellent opportunity to analyze the evolution of "Superchains" (Superchains). From the original Cosmos IBC to the modern Polygon 2.0, the article focuses on this ever-evolving journey of blockchain technology. By delving into important stages such as Avax Subnets, OP Stack, Arbitrum Orbit, Op BNB, ZK Stack, etc., we can witness how these technologies gradually mature and shape today's super chain. If you are keen to explore the latest technology of blockchain and eager to understand the development of this field, then this article will provide you with an invaluable guide. Let us soar in the magnificent sky of the superchain and explore its endless potential and opportunities.

The Evolutionary Road of Super Chain: From Cosmos to OP Stack

From Cosmos IBC to Polygon 2.0 - Let's take a look at the evolutionary path of Superchains??.

The Evolutionary Road of Superchain

Cosmos IBC --> Avax Subnet --> OP Stack --> Arbitrum Orbit --> Op BNB --> Zk Stack --> Polygon 2.0

Cosmos IBC

It all starts with Cosmos IBC, a protocol that handles identity and data transfer between two blockchains.

Although Inter Blockchain Communication was launched in April 2021, due to the success of Terra, the popularity of this platform has increased.

Cosmos IBC However, for the Terra blockchain that relies on Cosmos IBC, everything did not go as expected, $LUNA began to collapse, and the anchor of UST failed.

This was a black swan event in the history of cryptocurrency where many investors lost a lot of money, which in turn caused damage to the Cosmos brand.

But Cosmos has recovered from it, and here are some notable projects building on Cosmos:

• @berachain,
• @SeiNetwork,
• @dYdX,
• @noble_xyz
• @CelestiaOrg

Avax Subnets

In April 2022, Avax launched its Subnet, which is a subset or partition of the entire Avalanche network.

It consists of a group of nodes called validators that collaborate to achieve consensus on transactions within a chain or interconnected chains.

Avax Subnets You can think of a subnet as a network within a larger Avalanche network.

It has its own set of validators and has its own rules and parameters for reaching consensus.

Subnets provide scalability and flexibility to the Avalanche platform.

ON stack

OP Stack refers to a set of software components that support the Optimism ecosystem, including OP Mainnet and OP Superchain.

OP Stack The goal of the OP Stack is to support creation of new L2 blockchains that can interoperate within the ecosystem.

OP Stack provides a shared, high-quality, fully open-source system for creating new Layer 2 blockchains.

By harmonizing shared standards and avoiding duplication of effort in separate silos, the Optimism Collective aims to simplify the process of developing new L2 chains.

Arbitrary Orbit

On March 16, 2023, the Arbitrum Foundation announced the launch of Arbitrum Orbit, a permissionless solution that allows any developer to build Layer 3 blockchains using Arbitrum technology.

Arbitrum Orbit Arbitrum Orbit is a platform that allows developers to create their own dedicated chains that connect to Arbitrum's layer-2 (L2) chains, namely Arbitrum One, Arbitrum Nova or Arbitrum Goerli.

The main advantage of using Arbitrum Orbit's dedicated AppChains is that developers have the flexibility to customize every aspect of their chain.

This includes customization options such as privacy settings, permissions, fee tokens, governance mechanisms and more.

opBNB

opBNB is a high-performance Layer2 solution that runs within the BNB ecosystem and is built using the OP Stack.

By utilizing the OP Stack, opBNB can maintain a stable and affordable Gas fee.

opBNB achieves significant performance by improving cache efficiency.

opBNB It aims to solve the scalability challenges faced by blockchain networks, especially in terms of transaction throughput and cost.

The block size of opBNB is 100M, which allows a significant increase in the number of transactions processed within a block.

ZK Stack

The main purpose of ZK Stack is to enable the creation of custom Zero-Knowledge (ZK) driven Layer-2 (L2) and Layer-3 (L3) solutions, which are called *Hyperchains *.

It is based on the previous code implementing zkSync Era.

zkStack ZK Stack is a modular and open-source framework developed as a response to the challenges described in ZK Credo.

The details about ZK Stack have been described in another article:

Polygon 2.0

On June 20, the engineering team at Polygon Labs recently introduced a proposal to upgrade Polygon Proof-of-Stake (PoS) to zkEVM validium.

zkEVM validium is a novel concept that combines elements of zero-knowledge proofs and EVM-compatible environments.

Polygon 2.0Validium is an extended solution for describing blockchain networks, combining aspects of Rollups and Sidechains.

It aims to provide higher throughput and lower costs than the main chain, while still benefiting from its security and decentralization.

Polygon 2.0 is a ZK-powered Layer 2 blockchain network unified by a new cross-chain coordination protocol.

Around each Polygon chain it is a ZK L2.

The goal is to improve security for users while maintaining existing functionality and low fees.